Organic Chemistry
Carbon
- All organic molecules contain carbon atoms. They also primarily contain hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen (H-bonds).
- Think: - Why are hydrogen bonds so important?
Important Properties:
- Can participate in four covalent bonds (more possible combinations)
- Think: - Could polarity be an important factor?
- Forms chain or ring structures (more structural configurations)
- Think: - Why is it important for life to have more possibilities?
Functional Groups
- How organic molecules react and their properties are determined by functional groups
- Think: -Why do these functional groups add properties?
Key Functional Groups:
| Functional Group | Structural formula |
|---|---|
| Hydroxyl (Alcahol) | -OH |
| Aldehyde | R-C=O-H |
| Ketone | R-C=O-R' |
| Carboxyl (Carboxylic Acid) | R-C=O-OH |
| Ether | R-O-R' |
| Ester | R=O-O-R' |
| Amine | -N- |
| Amide | R=O-N- |
| Phosphate | |
| Sulfhydryl | -SH |